11.1.5 An Enclave Culture

For this reason, and fifthly, fundamentalists often nourish an enclave culture in which believers can minimize their exposure to, and contact with, the corrupt wider world (Almond, Appleby and Sivan, 2003: 23-89). For some, this entails strategies of physical apartness – e.g., the Haredim, ultra-Orthodox Jews who occupy self-segregated neighbourhoods in Jerusalem and in other cities around the world. For others, the emphasis is upon access to parallel institutions. That is, while members may share a common public space with non-members, they should nevertheless attend separate schools, all the way up to and including colleges and universities; they should consume media and entertainment that affirm and reflect the religious identity (e.g., Christian music, film, and reading matter); they should seek to promote the religious identity in the workplace and patronize businesses that share the identity; they should vote for politicians who support the religious identity; and so forth.