References

Addi, L. (2017). Radical Arab nationalism and political Islam. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.

Al-Anani, K. (2016). Inside the Muslim Brotherhood: Religion, identity, and politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Al-Suri, Al-M. (2004). The global Islamic resistance call [Da’wat al-muqawamah al-Islamiyyah al-‘alamiyyah].

Baron, B. (2014.) The orphan scandal: Christian missionaries and the rise of the Muslim Brotherhood. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

Calvert, J. (2009). Sayyid Qutb and the origins of radical Islam. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Fuller, G. E. (2003). The future of political Islam. New York, NY: Palgrave MacMillan.

Kepel, G. (2002). Jihad: The trail of political Islam. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Lia, B. (2008). Architect of global jihad: The life of Al Qaeda strategist Abu Mus’ab Al-Suri. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.

Maleki, A., & Arab, P. T. (2020). Iranian’s attitudes toward religion: A 2020 survey report. The Netherlands: Group for Analyzing and Measuring Attitudes in Iran.

Meijer, R. (Ed.). (2013). Global Salafism: Islam’s new religious movement. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Qutb, S. (1964). Milestones [Ma’alim fi al-tariq]. Createspace Independent Pub.

Zawahiri, A. (2013, September). General guidelines for jihad.