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For Students: How to Use This Book
Acknowledgements
1.1 Structures, Naming and Physical Properties
1.2 Reactions of Alcohols
1.3 Synthesis of Alcohol from Alkenes
1.4 Synthesis of Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds
1.5 Williamson Ether Synthesis
1.6 Practices
1.7 Practices Answers
2.1 Structures, Properties and Naming of Aldehydes and Ketones
2.2 Preparations of Aldehydes and Ketones
2.3 Reactivities of Aldehydes and Ketones
2.4 Addition of Water to Aldehydes and Ketones
2.5 Addition of Alcohols to Aldehydes and Ketones
2.6 Protecting Groups in Synthesis
2.7 Addition of Amines and Amine Derivatives to Aldehydes and Ketones
2.8 The Wittig Reaction
2.9 The Baeyer-Villiger Reaction
2.10 Practices
2.11 Practices Answers
3.1 Simplest Conjugated System: Allyl System
3.2 Reactions of Allyl System
3.3 Conjugated Double Bond Systems
3.4 Reactions of 1,3-Butadiene
3.5 Diels-Alder Reaction
3.6 Practices
3.7 Practices Answers
4.1 Naming of Benzene and Benzene Derivatives
4.2 Reactivity, Stability and Structure of Benzene
4.3 Hückel's Rule: Aromatic, Anti-aromatic and Non-aromatic Species
4.4 Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds
4.5 Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution (EAS) of Aromatic Compounds
4.6 Common EAS Reactions
4.7 Friedel–Crafts Reactions
4.8 Practices
4.9 Practices Answers
5.1 Activating or Deactivating Effect of the Substituents on EAS
5.2 Directing Effects of the Substituents on EAS
5.3 EAS on Di- or Tri-substituted Benzenes
5.4 Synthesis of Benzene Derivatives
5.5 Arenediazonium Salt
5.6 Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: SNAr
5.7 Practices
5.8 Practices Answers
6.1 The Acidity of the α-Hydrogens
6.2 Halogenation of the α-Carbon
6.3 Alkylation at the α-Carbon
6.4 Aldol Reactions
6.5 Reactions of α,β-unsaturated Aldehydes and Ketones
6.6 Practices
6.7 Practices Answers
7.1 Nomenclatures and Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
7.2 Preparation of Carboxylic Acid
7.3 Reactions of Carboxylic Acid and Derivatives: Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution
7.4 Acyl Chloride and Carboxylic Acid Anhydrides
7.5 Esters
7.6 Amides
7.7 Other Reactions of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
7.8 Reactions of Nitriles
7.9 Practices
7.10 Practices Answers
8.1 Claisen Condensation Fundamentals
8.2 Other types of Claisen Condensation
8.3 β-dicarbonyl Compounds in Organic Synthesis
8.4 Practices
8.5 Practices Answers
9.1 Classification and Configurations of Carbohydrates and Monosaccharides
9.2 The Cyclic Structure of Monosaccharide and Mutarotation
9.3 Other Reactions of Monosaccharides
9.4 Oxidation and Reduction Reactions of Monosaccharides
9.5 Degradation and Synthesis of Monosaccharides
9.6 Disaccharide
9.7 Practices
9.8 Practices Answers
Special Topic: Types of Common Organic Reaction Mechanisms and Understanding the Names of Reaction Mechanisms
Versioning History
Chapter 4: Aromatic Compounds
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