Elder & Knowledge Keeper citation: Chicago
Rachel Chong
Chicago Manual of Style recommends following the guidelines developed by Lorisia MacLeod (James Smith Cree Nation). You will find both a Chicago Manual of Style general example and a Kwantlen Polytechnic University example for use with Elder in Residence Lekeyten below.
Chicago Manual of Style general template:
Bibliography
“Last Name, First Name (Traditional Name [if applicable]). Nation/community. Treaty territory [if applicable]. Where they live [if applicable]. Topic/subject of communication. Interview, month, day, year.”
(Chicago Manual of Style, 2024, pp. 919-920)
Author-date
“The bibliography entry above would be adapted to author-date style as follows:
Last Name, First Name (Traditional Name [if applicable]). Year. Nation/community. Treaty territory [if applicable]. Where they live [if applicable]. Topic/subject of communication. Interview, month, day.”
(Chicago Manual of Style, 2024, pp. 919-920)
First footnote
“First Name Last Name (Traditional Name [if applicable]), nation/community, treaty territory [if applicable], where they live [if applicable], topic/subject of communication [if not mentioned in the text], interview [specify only if not clear from the text], month, day, year.”
(Chicago Manual of Style, 2024, pp. 919-920)
If an Elder or Knowledge Keeper has a traditional name they wish to use, simply replace the “Last name, First names” with their traditional name. If there are any other discrepancies between the citation style and the Elder or Knowledge Keepers wishes, always follow the Elder or Knowledge Keepers’ wishes.
Below is an example of modification for the Chicago general template as requested by Elder Lekeyten at Kwantlen Polytechnic University. Note that Treaty was not included, as lands are unceded. That said, a Territorial Acknowledgement as added. Lekeyten also noted that with such small Treaty areas in British Columbia, some people may not wish to be identified by Treaty (Lekeyten, 2019).
Kwantlen Polytechnic University modification example:
Bibliography
Last Name, First Names (Elder/Knowledge Keeper), Nation. Topic/subject of communication if applicable. Personal communication. Territorial Acknowledgement of where the information was shared. Month Date, Year.
Lekeyten (Elder), Kwantlen First Nation. Community Justice. Personal communication. Shared on the traditional unceded territory of the Kwantlen, Musqueam, Katzie, Semiahmoo, Tsawwassen, Qayqayt, and Kwikwetlem Peoples. April 9, 2019
Author-date
Last Name, First Name (Elder/Knowledge Keeper). Year. Nation/community. Topic/subject of communication. Interview, month, day.
Lekeyten (Elder), Kwantlen First Nation. 2019. Community Justice. Shared on the traditional unceded territory of the Kwantlen, Musqueam, Katzie, Semiahmoo, Tsawwassen, Qayqayt, and Kwikwetlem Peoples. Interview, April, 9.
First footnote
First Names Last Name (Elder/Knowledge Keeper), Nation, Topic/subject of communication if applicable, Personal communication, Territorial Acknowledgement of where the information was shared, Month Date, Year.
Lekeyten (Elder), Kwantlen First Nation, Community Justice, Personal communication, Shared on the traditional unceded territory of the Kwantlen, Musqueam, Katzie, Semiahmoo, Tsawwassen, Qayqayt, and Kwikwetlem Peoples, April 9, 2019.
